IUE and ISO observations of the bipolar proto-planetary nebula Hen 401 (IRAS 10178-5958)

Abstract

We present ultraviolet (IUE) and infrared (ISO) observations of the bipolar proto-planetary nebula Hen 401 which, combined with previously available optical and near infrared data, are used to reconstruct the overall spectral energy distribution from 1150 Å to 100 mu m. The ISO spectrum is dominated by strong PAH emission superimposed on a very cold continuum which is interpreted as thermal emission originating in the C-rich cool dust ( ~ 106 K) present in the circumstellar envelope, the remnant of the previous AGB phase. In addition, a second, hotter component detected in the near infrared is attributed to thermal emission from hot dust ( ~ 640 K), suggesting that mass loss and dust grain formation is still on-going during the current post-AGB phase. The ultraviolet (IUE) spectrum shows a stellar continuum in the wavelength interval 2400 Å to 3200 Å which corresponds to a moderately reddened B8-type central star. Unexpectedly, the UV flux in the wavelength interval 1150 Å to 1900 Å is very weak or absent with no evidence of a hotter binary companion which could explain the detection of the nebular emission lines observed in the available ground-based optical spectra of Hen 401. HST WFPC2 high resolution images also show no indication of a hot companion to the B8-type central star observed both in the optical and in the UV. The evolutionary implications of a possible single nature for the central star of Hen 401 are discussed. Based on observations obtained with the International Ultraviolet Explorer, retrieved from the INES Archive at VILSPA, Madrid, Spain, and observations made with ISO, an ESA project with instruments funded by ESA Member States (especially the PI countries: France, Germany, The Netherlands and the UK) with the participation of ISAS and NASA.